109年
姓名

高浚惟 Jun-Wei Gao

題目

建置執行單指令流多資料流加速樣板搜尋模型與應用

SIMD Implementation for Template Matching Model and Application

大綱

摘要

    國際市場需求的改變、硬體設備以及通訊技術之提升使得製造業之工廠營運進入即時資訊化、人機協作生產、機台即時反饋、異地無時差網路同步設計等境界,然而相關技術由外國廠商主導,造成智慧製造窒礙難行、無所適從之窘境,因此產、官、學、研、法()近年來積極培育底層技術之建構,以充實台灣產業之技術內能。

    機器視覺為底層技術之重要一環,其中核心技術-樣板搜尋 (Template Matching) 應用範圍之延伸廣泛遍佈於製造、醫療、娛樂...等產業中,然而於工業界中核心技術由國外廠商購得,雖於市場中有開源軟體得以套用,卻因搜尋速度、準確性等因素業界接納度較低,因此產業本身亦須開發相關技術以免受制軟體公司之壟斷。本論文在上列前提驅使下將以開發機器視覺基礎核心技術-樣板搜尋為主幹,目的設定在於開發之程式具應用範圍擴增性、易於新增擴充功能、運行速度而得與商用級軟體性能相媲美。

    樣板搜尋技術中,拍攝影像之環境因素影響樣板搜尋選用計算法之基礎,包含:光場分布、遮蔽影像、背景複雜度等;為呼應本論文之指標,因此選擇正規化相關係數法 (Normalized Cross Correlation, NCC) 為計算基礎,然而此方法計算量之龐大造成搜尋速度難以符合業界實務應用之期待,學者們因而提出多種簡化模型以降低運算數量,文獻中呈現相當成效,但對於簡化模型過程中些許關鍵參數並無多加著墨。本論文藉由文獻之概念提出一新型簡化模型,以基礎函數 (Basis Function) 及加法方式分類模型,撇除參數設定之不確定性、忽略模型特徵之問題,並加入平行運算架構。最後論文中以實例與商用軟體相比較,證明新型簡化模型之準確度、自行撰寫程式之運算速度符合工業界之期待。

關鍵字:樣板搜尋、正規化相關係數法、基礎函數、單指令流多資料流

Abstract

    The changing of international market demand, hardware facilities and communication technologies lead to manufacturer step on actual time information, human-robot collaboration, real time feedback and Co-design with different studio. However, core technologies are possessed by foreign companies, causing difficulties of implementing smart manufacturing. In recent years, Taiwan’s government-industry-university-institute alliance actively develop basic technologies to improve domestic company’s critical technologies.

   One of basic technologies in smart manufacturing is machine vision. In this field, template matching technology can be applied to manufacturing, medical industry, entertainment industry, and so on. However, industrial level template matching technology requires high performance in recognition speed and accuracy, causing monopolization of foreign companies. This research will focus on the development of template matching, a core technology of machine vision. The recognition speed of the template matching software developed in this research is comparable with commercial software.

    In this research, light field distribution is the important reason of environment factor. To deal with light field distribution, Normalized Cross Correlation (NCC) will be the basic of calculation algorithm. However, the massive calculation of this method will lead to low recognition speed, which is not acceptable to industrial user. As a result, previous research has developed various simplified models that successfully increase computational speed. However, the decision of key parameters in simplified models hasn’t been discussed in previous research. This search proposed a simplified template recognition model based on Fast Normalized Cross Correlation (FNCC). To avoid the uncertainty of parameters and the ignorance of feature of FNCC, the simplified model of this research are constructed by basis function and add method. Parallel Operation of Signal Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) is implemented to accelerate recognition. Results show that the template matching software proposed in this research have comparable recognition speed in comparison with commercial software.

Keywords: Template Matching, Normalized Cross Correlation, Basis Function, Single Instruction Multiple Data